Compare the cups
Start with espresso. Change the milk, water, or foam.
More milk, a little foam
Mostly steamed milk, with espresso underneath and a thin layer of foam.
Espresso · Steamed milk · A little foam
Coffee with milk has a long history in Europe. The Italian name caffè latte means “milk coffee.” Pour steamed milk into espresso, then finish with a thin layer of foam.
A thicker layer of foam
The same ingredients as a latte, with a more noticeable layer of foam.
Espresso · Steamed milk · Milk foam
The name refers to the brown robes of Capuchin friars. For the espresso version popularized in Italy, pour steamed milk over a shot and finish with a generous layer of foam.
Espresso and hot water
Espresso diluted with hot water. No milk is needed.
Espresso · Hot water
The Italian name caffè americano means “American coffee.” Add hot water to a shot of espresso until the drink reaches the strength you prefer.
Just a small mark of milk
Espresso with a small amount of foamed milk on top.
Espresso · A little foamed milk
This Italian espresso drink gets its name from the small amount of milk that “marks” it. Prepare a shot of espresso and add a spoonful of foamed milk.
The diagrams show approximate proportions. Cafés prepare these drinks in different ways.